Saturday 16 October 2010

Anatomy and Physiology Online - the ground to cover


Students who complete the distance learning and A&P courses can attend the residential upgrade course for the IFPA membership examination

 INTRODUCTION.  The human body consists of chemicals, cells, tissues organs and systems all working together.  This complex living organism has to maintain a stable internal environment in order to remain healthy, survive and reproduce.
CARDIOVASCULAR.  The cardiovascular system is responsible for circulating the blood around the body’s tissues.  The blood is pumped by the muscular contractions of the heart, and travels around the body by a complex network of blood vessels
DIGESTIVE. The digestive system is responsible for the ingestion, digestion, absorption, and elimination of food.  As well as the mouth to anus digestive tract the role of the pancreas, liver and gall bladder in the digestive process are covered.
ENDOCRINE.  The endocrine system consists of organs which secrete hormones which control many of the body’s vital processes.  The endocrine functions of the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries, testes, pineal gland and thymus gland are covered.  Explanations of the hormonal changes during puberty and pregnancy are included.
LYMPHATIC.  The lymphatic system consists of a network of vessels and structures  made up of lymphatic tissue.  It plays a vital role in immunity.  This section looks at lymph and the lymphatic network including the functions of the tonsils spleen and thymus.  The way the body then provides resistence to disease are then covered.
MUSCULAR.  The muscular system consists of tissue which has the ability to contract.  The anatomy and physiology of skeletal muscle.  Smooth muscle and cardiac muscle.  Muscular structure and the main muscles in the body.
NERVOUS.  The nervous system consists of all tissue consisting of nerve cells.  Anatomy and physiology of nerve cells.  The central nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal chord.  The function of the peripheral nervous system.
 REPRODUCTION.  The male and female reproductive systems provide the means by which new individuals can be produced and genetic material passed on.  How cells divide to create sperm and ova.  The processes that take place from fertilisation to birth.
RESPIRATORY.  The respiratory system provides oxygen to the tissues and removes carbon dioxide.  The respiratory tract from the nose to the lungs.  How the lungs take in and expel air.  The circulatory link between the lungs and the heart.
SENSES.  The senses provide vital information about the environment.  The senses of sight, sound, smell, taste, and touch.
SKELETAL. The skeletal system consists mainly of bones.  The main functions of the skeletal system, nature, composition and classification of bone and the physiology of bone growth.  The main bones and types of joint.
SKIN, NAILS AND HAIR.  The skin covers most of the body providing a protective barrier between the inner body and the external environment.  Structure and function of nails, skin and hair.  Skin pigmentation and the effects of aging.
URINARY.  The urinary system plays and excretory role and eliminates urine.  It is made up of the kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra.  How nephrons function to filter the blood.  The effect of antidiuretic hormone and functions of the kidneys.
CHEMISTRY.  Basic chemistry concepts.  The anatomy and physiology of the body results from the reactions that take place at the molecular level of structural organisation.  All life processes depend on the success of this chemistry.

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