Shirley Price - ingredients used in Sp skincare

Aloe Vera

Chief among the ingredients of Shirley Price skincare are our aloe vera gels. Among the benefits of Aloe Vera are the stimulation of the skins fibroblast cells which manufacture collagen and elastin.  As the body ages the cells become damaged as a result of UVA damage from the sun.  The fibroblasts become less productive.  The latticework of collagen becomes brittle and broken making poor connections with the fibroblasts.  As a result the skin sags and hollows and wrinkles appear. This damage can be partially reversed without cosmetic surgery with regular use of topical aloe vera.

Aloe Vera (Aloe Barbadensis) is the Aloe plant that is famous for its medicinal uses both internally and externally. The plant is native to Northern Africa and is a succulent that is a member of the Lily and Onion family.  It flourishes in warm and dry climates, staying moist where other plants wither and die by closing its pores to prevent moisture loss. The leaves of the aloe plant hold water with its mucilaginous membranes.

The inner gel of the Aloe Vera contains the 8 essential Amino Acids that the human body needs but cannot manufacture, making this a highly beneficial plant. This has been used throughout history described in writings from many different cultures and as far back as the Greek, Egyptians and Roman eras. References have also been found in writings from the Indian and Chinese early cultures. The earliest record of Aloe Vera is on a Sumerian tablet dating from 2100 BC.

The Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons depicts the Aloe Vera plant on its coat of arms due to the use of this plant for animal skincare and treatment of burns and wounds since records began .

 The benefits of Aloe Vera are numerous. It is known for hydrating, binding moisture, antibacterial qualities, soothing burns and wounds, assisting with intestinal ailments, asthma, eczema, and psoriasis. Topically it acts as a rejuvenating moisturizer, hydrating the skin. 

Apricot Kernel Oil

Apricot Kernel carrier oil is of great value for skin care and massage; it has a number of therapeutic properties and is particularly beneficial in skin care. The apricot tree (Prunus armeniaca) belongs to the same botanical family as the almond tree, of the Rosaceae plant family. Although the apricot family is a native of China, it was common to see orchards of apricot trees in Europe during Roman times. The flowers of the apricot tree have a pale pink hue. Galen Labs uses cold/expeller pressed apricot oil which is the finest available as it maintains similar properties to the plant in its natural state.

Traditional Chinese medicine used apricot kernels to treat tumors and as an antitussive. Apricot kernel oil is good for nourishing the skin as it is rich in poly-unsaturated fatty acids and is high in Vitamin A, E and many minerals. Apricot has also been traditionally used in masks including the crushed pulp and kernel.

The beneficial properties of apricots include nourishing the skin, anti-itching and inflammation, retention of moisture, anti-oxidant and anti-aging benefits. Apricot oil is suitable for sensitive skin and rosacea, eczema, psoriasis and dermatitis conditions.

Avocado Oil

Avocado is the fruit of the 'Persea americana', of the laurel family, a tree native to the Western Hemisphere from Mexico south to the Andean regions. In some varieties the flesh contains as much as 25% unsaturated oil. Avocados provide thiamine, riboflavin and Vitamin A, D and E. The oil is obtained from the pressure of the fruits.

The Aztecs in Mexico were the first recorded to use the avocado, both for food and skin care. The use of avocado oil topically is beneficial for many reasons. Smoothing and improving elasticity, nourishing with a multitude of essential fatty acids, vitamins and minerals. The presence of phytosterols in avocado oil helps facilitate penetration into the skin, as they are known to be good emulsifiers.

Basil Essential Oil

Basil is a popular herb used for culinary, aromatic and medicinal purposes. There are many different varieties of the herb, including sweet basil and exotic basil. Sweet basil originates from Africa and Tropical Asia; it is now commonly known as European or French basil. Sweet basil is also cultivated in North and South America. Sweet basil is most commonly used for essential oils as they are less toxic than the chemical components of exotic basil.

Basil is popular in Far Eastern medicine, especially that of Ayurvedic medicine. It is used for colds, coughs, bronchitis, asthma and emphysema. It has also been used to treat Malaria and as an antidote to poisonous snake and insect bites.

The benefits of basil include being antiseptic, antiviral, antibacterial, decongestant, expectorant, restorative, carminitave and emmenagogue(thus it is not recommended to use the essential oil during pregnancy) and as a general tonic. It is refreshing and calming, anti-inflammatory and anti-irritant.

Black Willow Bark Extract

Derived from the bark of the willow tree, willow bark contains salicin, the phytotherapeutic precursor of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid). The use of willow bark for pain relief and fever reduction dates back to the father of modern medicine, Hippocrates, who lived sometime between 460 B.C. and 370 B.C. By 1829, scientists discovered that it was the compound called salicin in willow plants which gave the pain relief.

Willow bark extract has several benefits when used in skin care products, it helps to stimulate skin and cell growth, has excellent astringent qualities and mild exfoliation effects. It is also purported to reduce the skin flora associated with the formation of acne.

Borage Essential Oil

Borage is an herb that belongs to the botanical family 'Boraginaceae 'and is known by its scientific name as 'Borago Officinalis'. It is a large plant with blue, star shaped flowers and is found throughout Europe and North America. Almost all the historical descriptions of Borage refer to the herb's abilities to bring happiness and comfort, driving away melancholia. Borage oil is derived from the seeds of the plant, which is the richest known source of gamma-linoleic acid (20-26%)which converts to a hormone like substance called prostaglandin that has anti-inflammatory properties.

Borage has a number of well documented constituents which include: mucilage, tannins, traces of essential oil, pyrrolizidine alkaloids including lycopsamine, intermedine and their acetyl derivatives, choline. This blend of compounds assists with many natural functions of the body and the skin.

Topically borage is a little known secret for keeping your skin healthy. It is natural oil that not only assists the skin to retain moisture, but relieves the symptoms of many skin conditions including eczema, allergies, ulcers, arthritis, eye disease and more.

Calendula Oil

Calendula is the common marigold (Calendula Officinalis) found in gardens and pots worldwide. Calendula flowers show of their antioxidant content with their deep red, orange and gold colors. This also signals the natural presence of sulfur. Although the country of its origin is Germany, it is now conventionally grown in many other areas.

When it comes to skin care the benefits of calendula are numerous. The presence of carotenes, phytoserols and polyphenols cause it to be an excellent aid in healing and prevention of aging. The positive effect of Calendula preparations on the skin were known as far back in history as the time of the ancient Egyptians. Yet it remains one of the most popular herbal antifungal and antibacterial remedies to promote skin healing and cell regeneration. It was truly invaluable as a cure for open wounds during wartime. Mention must be made of the fact that calendula oil s equally beneficial for all skin types.

The benefits of calendula applied topically include aiding blood flow and enhancing tissue regeneration, being anti-inflammatory and preventing infection. Calendula is highly beneficial particularly to aging and dry skin, wounds, scars, burns, small abrasions, infections, chapped and cracking skin and acne breakouts.

Carrot Seed Oil

Carrot Seed oil has numerous benefits for your skin. It is steam distilled from the dried fruit (seeds). It is a yellow or amber colored to pale orange-brown liquid with a root-like, earthy odor. The color of the carrot indicates its high vitamin, mineral and antioxidant content.

Respected aromatherapy references suggest that topical application of carrot seed oil is useful for the treatment of dermatitis, eczema, wrinkles and psoriasis, and that it aids dry skin and revitalizes the basal layer of the skin. Being that the carrot is a root that brings vibrant color deep into the ground, it is easy to see how this could be so.

Chamomile Essential Oil

There are two types of chamomile used in Shirley Price products Roman Chamomile and German or Wild Chamomile. Originally native to southern and western Europe where it grows wild in all the temperate regions, ' A. nobilis' is an aromatic, herbaceous perennial with strong, fibrous roots. It belongs to the 'Asteraceae' family.

The ancient Egyptians dedicated it to their Gods due to its curative properties, particularly for the acute fever called Ague. Chamomile was also used by the Romans in medicines, beverages and incense.

The aromatherapy benefits of chamomile are very versatile. It is a powerfully soothing and calming oil which imparts this quality to both physical and emotional conditions alike. Anti -inflammatory and anti-spasmodic effects bring relief to a myriad of conditions including allergic reactions, dermatitis and irritated skin conditions like eczema, psoriasis, rashes, rosacea and hives, as well as stiff aching muscles, joints and all over body aches. Soothing to the stomach, it eases cramps and nausea. These effects are also noticed on the emotional level, calming noisy children and angry moods – without sedation.

Clary Sage Hydrosol

Clary sage is native to Southern Europe and is cultivated worldwide, especially in the Mediterranean region, Russia, the United States, England, Morocco and central Europe. The plant is a biennial or perennial and has large hairy leaves which are green with a hint of purple. The small flowers are purple or blue in color.

Clary Sage has historically been used medicinally for healing visual problems. The name 'clary' is derived from the Latin word 'clarus' meaning clear. In Germany it was known as 'muscatel sage' because of its addition to flavour and enhance muscatel wine. The addition of clary sage to wine often produced a heightened state of intoxication.

The benefits of Clary sage include being antidepressant, antispasmodic, hypotensive, nervine and sedative. Topically it is deodorant and a tonic, which promotes strong elasticity. Clary sage is excellent for all skin types, particularly sagging, congested and oily skin. The scent is uplifting and brightening, bringing mental clarity.

Coconut Oil

The use of coconut oil around the world in tropical regions is prolific: South and Central America, Africa, the Indian subcontinent, Micro-,Mele- and Poly-nesia and most of Asia. The uses are so respected that they were documented by Ayurvedic medicine in Sanskrit from 1500 BC in all areas relating to the mind, body and spirit. 

Coconuts are highly beneficial in every aspect, flesh, milk, water and oil. The oil is extracted from the fruit of the palm tree. It is a solid, white fat which is crystalline. Unrefined coconut oil melts at 77 degrees F.

Topically applied coconut oil is invaluable as an emollient for the skin and for shiny, healthy hair. The molecular structure of coconut is easily recognized and absorbed into the skin. Coconut oil is antioxidant and contains many essential fatty acids, nourishing and protecting the skin. By penetrating deeply, it helps repair underlying tissues of the skin and protect from free radical damage.

Coriander Seed Essential Oil

The Latin name for coriander is 'coriandrum sativum' and it can be traced back for thousands of years. It is a hardy annual herb with bright green leaves and dainty white flowers. It was grown in Persia 3,000 years ago and fragranced the hanging gardens of Babylon. There is even mention of coriander in the Bible where manna is being described as 'like a coriander seed, white' (Exodus 16:31). In Chinese medicine the whole herb, instead of just parts, are used to heal many ailments.

This herb has an incredibly long history of usage. In fact, the seeds of this herb were found in an ancient Egyptian tomb of Ramses the Second. Coriander's uses include medicinal and culinary applications. It is known to promote healthy digestive function, relieving flatulence, nausea, appetite problems, etc… It is also anti-inflammatory, relieving muscle stiffness, arthritis and rheumatism.

The benefits of Coriander Seed essential oil applied topically include promoting healthy digestive function in relation to the skin. Antiviral and antibacterial properties cleanse and purify the skin, promoting healing of acne and small wounds.

Cranberry Seed Oil

Cranberry seed oil is made by cold pressing the seeds of the cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) and is a highly nourishing and moisturizing ingredient that is light and non greasy.

Cranberry seed oil contains omega-3 EFAs as well as the naturally occurring components of Vitamin E: tocopherols and tocotrienols. Tocotrienols are known as 'super Vitamin E' and can be 4 times more powerful than tocopherols. Cranberry seed oil contains significant levels of each.

The topical application of cranberry seed oil has been found to reduce the damage and aging caused by sunlight, improving the texture at the level of the collagen and elastin fibers in the skin. The near 1:1 ratio of omega 3 and 6 fatty acids in cranberry seed oil make it an excellent choice for soothing eczema and psoriasis.

Cucumber Hydrosol/Distillate

Cucumbers are commonly grown around the world for culinary and cosmetic uses. They grow on a hairy vine that produces small yellow flowers. Cucumbers contain a high amount of silica, are mucilaginous and are known for their distinct cooling and hydrating quality.

Historically cucumbers have been used for cooling, calming and quenching a myriad of heat and dryness conditions, as well as being diuretic and medicinal for swelling and edema. They are commonly associated with eye relief, putting cucumber slices on the eyes relieves redness and swelling. They are also an excellent source of Vitamin C.

Cucumber hydrosol has many benefits for all skin types. Cooling, soothing and binding moisture, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects all work to promote a moist, radiant complexion. The presence of silica in cucumbers help to strengthen the collagen and elastin, connective tissue layers of the skin, promoting elasticity and reducing appearance of fine lines and pores.

Dead Sea Salts

Collected from the renowned Dead Sea in the Jordan Rift Valley, Dead Sea Salts have become world famous for their therapeutic value. They contain a highly concentrated blend of salts, providing nearly ten times the amount of vitamins and minerals found in normal sea water.

The therapeutic, purifying and anti aging powers of Dead Sea Salts have been recognized since ancient times. The presence of a large amount of bromide ions help relieve tension and pain in the muscles. Calcium applied topically increases circulation and cellular integrity. The high levels of magnesium and potassium support healthy metabolic and regenerative functions in the skin.

Regular use of Dead Sea Salts is reputed to visibly reduce the signs of aging and to support healthy lymphatic function. They are also known to aid multiple dermatitis conditions including eczema and psoriasis. The purifying benefits are also helpful in reducing the appearance of cellulite.

Emulsifying Wax

Emulsifying Wax is one of the essential ingredients in making lotions and creams. Emulsifying wax keeps oil and water from separating by creating an emulsion between the oil and water. It is made from Coconut-derived cetearyl alcohol which attracts moisture and polysorbate which helps oil disperse in watery substance. This combination enhances emulsion and texture of the product.

Epsom Salt

Epsom Salts are named after a town in England. Here they first discovered how to capture the medicinal minerals contained within the soil for use in therapeutic baths. Epsom Salt (magnesium sulfate) is a chemical compound containing magnesium and sulfur. Epsom salts are commonly found in bath salts because they increase the level of ions in the water, preventing some of the temporary skin wrinkling (pruning) caused by prolonged immersion in water. Magnesium sulfate is also absorbed into the skin, reducing inflammation and enhancing detoxification of the lymphatic system.

Epsom salt baths are excellent for relaxing stiff, sore muscles, healing injuries, reducing swelling, reducing the appearance of cellulite and heading off a cold or flu.

Eucalyptus Essential Oil

There are nearly 500 species of Eucalyptus plant, which bear long, narrow blue-green leaves, sprouting creamy-white flowers. The botanical name for the plant is 'eucalyptus globus' and it has an earthy, woody aroma that has camphorous qualities.

Eucalyptus essential oil has been used for centuries to alleviate swelling in mucous membrane tissues and sensitive areas. It serves as a wonderful remedy for headaches and sinus discomforts as well as all forms of congestion including chest colds and cellulite. Eucalyptus has a relaxing effect on sore muscles and joints.

Topically applied, eucalyptus essential oil is cleansing and anti-inflammatory. Soothing and cooling to body acne and sore stiff muscles.

Evening Primrose Oil

Evening primrose is indigenous to North America and brought to Europe in 1619. Evening primrose is a versatile plant which is found growing in the desert, by the ocean, in mountain landscapes and by the river. The oil is extracted from the pod seeds.

Historically, Native Americans used the seeds, roots and leaves of evening primrose to make various medicinal infusions, treating a variety of disorders including gastrointestinal problems and lesions on the skin. Currently primrose oil is used to lessen itching and swelling and to decrease breast tenderness and other symptoms of PMS. The oil also contains the healthful type of omega-6 fatty acids.

Topically applied, evening primrose is useful for acne, eczema and psoriasis. It nourishes the skin with Gamma Linoleic Acid and Linoleic Acids. It is also useful for hormonal imbalances, which are often reflected in the skin as breakouts and hyper-pigmentation (melasma).

Frankincense Essential Oil

Shirley Price Frankincense originates in Northern Somalia but is also found in Ethiopia, Arabia and India, with abundant pinnacle leaves and white or pale pink flowers. Deep incisions are made in the tree trunk and the bark peels off in narrow strips. Over weeks a milky juice exudes and hardens on contact with the air, resulting in an oleo gum resin, from which the oil is extracted by steam distillation. The name is from the French word 'franc' meaning 'luxuriant' or 'real incense' and together with Myrrh, it was the first gum to be used as incense.

With 6000 years of documented use Frankincense and Myrhh are important elements in skincare.  Religions recognize frankincense as one of the gifts of the three wise men at the birth of Jesus. What most people fail to recognize is that frankincense and myrrh were more valuable than the gift of gold. While most people think of frankincense as incense, it has many medicinal purposes as well, being used as an antidote for everything from cancer to leprosy and being used as an astringent on the skin.

Currently it is used for its aromatherapeutic value, known for being calming, reducing anxiety and stress. Frankincense is highly recommended for use during meditation as it slows and deepens the breathing, calming and soothing the mind and lungs. On the respiratory tract it can have the effect of clearing the lungs and assisting with symptoms of bronchitis, laryngitis and coughs. On the skin it is reputed to rejuvenate aging skin, effectively soothing sores, wounds and scars.

Ginseng Extract

Ginseng grows in the Northern Hemisphere in Eastern Asia, typically in cooler climates. The root of the ginseng plant has been used in China, Japan and Korea for many centuries as a benefit in psychiatric and neurological conditions and for enhancing vitality.

Ginseng is considered an 'adaptogen', meaning that it helps the body deal with stress; research on the herb does seem to confirm this. It has been used as in a myriad of ways and the name in Greek means "heal all". Hyaluronic acid production is stimulated ("up-regulated") by the topical use of ginseng extract. Hyaluronic acid naturally decreases in the skin with age, contributing to the appearance of scars and wrinkles.

Topically applied, ginseng is healing to all sorts of wounds, abrasions, burns and scars.

Grapefruit Seed Essential Oil/Extract

After 30 years in use by naturopathic physicians, clinics and the general public, grapefruit seed extract has been proven to be a safe and effective multipurpose compound with countless uses. It is reputed to have powerful anti microbial properties and be an effective natural preservative.

Topically applied GSE offers significant relief from the symptoms associated with acne, athlete's foot, cold sores, cuts and wounds, warts, rashes and infections. It is also associated with oral health, commonly found in mouth washes and tooth paste formulations. Vitamins C, E and bioflavanoids protect from free radical damage, while antimicrobial, antibacterial and antifungal action supports the immune system.

Green Tea Extract

Green Tea is made from the dried leaves of 'Camellia sinensis', a perennial evergreen shrub. Green tea has a long history of use dating back to China approximately 5,000 years ago. It is known to have more potent antioxidant qualities than black tea.

The benefits of using green tea are numerous, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-aging qualities. When used in conjunction with zinc oxide and other inert minerals (bentonite, titanium dioxide), studies suggest green tea enhances sun protection.

Horsetail Extract

Horsetail is commonly known as bottlebrush, mare's tail, scouring rush and shave grass. Its scientific name is 'Equisitum arvense'. Horsetail is related to plants that were around during the dinosaur era and are believed to have been as tall as 40 feet or more. In the Middle Ages, horsetail clumps were used as scouring pads because of their silicon content.

Horsetail is an herbal supplement that contains the highest known content of silicon of any herb. Because of this, it is well known as an anti-aging ingredient in skin care products. Horsetail extract is reputed to heal quickly from conditions like sprains, torn ligaments, arthritis, tuberculosis, ulcers and in maintaining healthy hair, skin and nails. Silica is associated with strengthening the connective tissues such as cartilage, ligaments, tendons and the different layers of the skin.

Topically applied, the benefits of horsetail include reducing the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, supporting sagging pores and tissue around eyes and mouth and promoting a youthful appearance.

Immortelle Hydrosol

Immortelle (Helichrysum arenarium) is an evergreen shrub with aromatic leaves and small button-like flowers. It is also called 'everlasting', as the blossoms have an unusually long life span. The word 'Helichrysum' is derived from the Greek 'helios' meaning sun and 'chrysos' meaning gold, referring to the color of many flowers of the species in this genus.

Europeans rank Helichrysum as one of the most ancient and valuable healing substances. Helichrysum is said to be more anti-inflammatory than German Chamomile, have more tissue regenerating than Lavender and more cicatrisant than Frankincense.

Topically applied, the use of Helichrysum is reputed to generate tissue, reduce tissue pain, improve skin conditions, circulatory function, reduce scarring and discoloration. It is anticoagulant, mucolytic and expectorant. These qualities make it ideal for conditions like acne, rosacea, scarring and aging.

Jasmine Essential Oil

Jasmine is an evergreen, climbing shrub that can grow up to 10 meters high and has dark green leaves with small white star-shaped flowers. These are picked at night when the aroma is most intense. An experienced picker can pick 10,000 to 15,000 blossoms a night. Originally from China and Northern India, it was brought to Spain by the Moors. France, Italy, Morocco, Egypt, China, Japan and Turkey are currently producing the best essential oils of Jasmine.

Historically the Chinese, Arabians and Indians used jasmine medicinally, as well as for an aphrodisiac and for other ceremonial purposes. Although expensive, this essential oil does more than just smell exquisite – it deeply relaxes, lifts depression and boosts confidence. It is highly beneficial for the respiratory system, soothing irritating coughs and helping with hoarseness and laryngitis. In the East jasmine has been used for centuries in skin care to promote elasticity of the skin and a youthful appearance.

Topically applied jasmine is used to smooth fine lines and wrinkles, assisting with the appearance of stretch marks and reduce scarring.

Jojoba Oil

Jojoba oil is the liquid wax found in the seed of the 'Simmondsia chinensis' plant, a shrub native to southern Arizona, southern California and northwestern Mexico and cultivated on a commercial scale there and increasingly around the world. The oil makes up approximately 50% of the jojoba seed by weight. Jojoba is composed of wax esters, making it an extremely stable substance that does not easily deteriorate. The molecular structure of jojoba oil closely resembles that of your own sebaceous skin oils, making it an excellent moisturizer and ideal for all skin types.

Native Americans have used jojoba for hundreds of years. They used the oil and seeds for many different purposes including; treating sores, cuts and bruises, burns and sun/wind burns, as a hair or scalp treatment, as a cooking oil and as a dietary supplement though it is not recommended that jojoba oil is ingested. It is a polyunsaturated liquid wax that is liquid at room temperature. It has been demonstrated to withstand exposure to high temperatures without going rancid and can be used to assist preservation of other carrier oils when used in a blend.

Topically applied jojoba oil brings excellent lubrication and hydration properties to the skin. The jojoba oil forms a very thin, non-greasy lipoid layer over the skin which is partially porous. This provides exceptional trans-epidermal water and moisture control without blocking the pores. While excellent for all skin types, jojoba is exceptionally valuable when used for eczema, psoriasis, acne, scalp conditions and inflamed skin. Aging and wrinkled skin also benefits from the use of jojoba.

Jojoba Wax Beads

Jojoba Beads are made from jojoba wax esters and are ideal for shower gels, soaps and facial and body scrubs. Also called jojoba spheres, jojoba prills or scrub beads, these free flowing spherical beads are superior to nut shell, pumice and polyethelene exfoliants because they do not leave micro-lacerations on the skin. Microscopic cuts can result in premature wrinkles and provide and entrance for bacteria into the skin's surface. Jojoba beads do not irritate or burn the skin the way AHA/BHA and other acid based exfoliant products can.

Topically applied jojoba beads assist with physically removing excess dead skin cells from the epidermis without injury.

Lavender Essential Oil

Lavender is named for the Latin word 'lavera' which means 'to wash' and the Romans used it frequently in their bath routine. It is an evergreen woody shrub growing about 1 meter high with gray-green narrow leaves and characteristic purple-blue flowers perched on a long stem. The main producers are in Southern France.

Historically lavender has been used for cleansing both the household and the body. It was strewn on the floors as it released an aroma when walked upon and was used in toiletries as it is antibacterial and antifungal. It was discovered, that the essential oil is exceptional when used for healing burns and wounds.

Topically applied lavender is a good all round oil. It is anti-inflammatory, so it relieves all forms of redness, itching and irritation. It is calming to the mind and body, relieving tension, depression, panic, and nervous exhaustion. It is used to aid in sleep disorders, relieving muscular aches and headaches. Lavender is also antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral, which makes it cleansing for all types of skin conditions including acne, eczema, dermatitis, boils and burns.

Lemon Essential Oil

This evergreen tree grows up to about 6 meters and has dark green, serrated, oval leaves with pink/white flowers that are highly perfumed. 

Lemon essential oil has been historically recognized as a cleanser. It is reputed as being antiseptic and as having refreshing and cooling properties. On skin and hair it can be used for its cleansing effect as well as for treating cuts and boils. Research has also shown lemon essential oil to enhance the ability to concentrate.

Topically applied, lemon oil is helpful for clearing acne, cleaning greasy skin and hair, removing dead skin cells, stimulating and improving the appearance of cellulite conditions and easing painful sores and insect bites.

Lime Essential Oil

Originally from Asia, Lime is now cultivated in most warm countries, especially Italy, the West Indies and the Americas. It is an evergreen tree grows about 4 meters high with smooth green leaves, stiff sharp spines and small, white flowers.

The therapeutic properties of lime oil are antiseptic, antiviral, astringent, antibacterial, disinfectant, restorative and tonic. The aroma is uplifting and stimulating to the mind and body.

Neroli Hydrosol and Essential Oil

Neroli is the name for the blossoms of the bitter orange tree. Through the process of steam distillation the essential oil is separated from the hydrosol, the watery substances of the blossoms. While the essential oil has a very potent aroma, the hydrosol possesses the beautiful, exotic aroma of Neroli in a milder form.

Historically Neroli has been used topically and as a mood enhancer. It is uplifting and calming to the mood and provides a sense of well being. It is reputed to enhance the elasticity of the skin, being astringent and antibacterial it is also good for acne.

Topically applied neroli is excellent for all skin types.

Olive Oil

Olive oil is an oil obtained from the olive (Olea europaea), a traditional tree crop of the Mediterranean Basin. It is commonly used in cooking, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, soaps and as a fuel for traditional oil lamps. Olive oil is used throughout the world but especially in the mediterranean where it is a ket component of the mediterranean diet and skincare.

The olive goes back in history as far as 6000 BC where it first appears in Syria. For thousands of years olive oil has been used to bathe in, cleanse hair and body and nourish skin. Olive oil is also used topically to alleviate pain from arthritis and muscular tension. The presence of a powerful antioxidant known as Squalene helps heal injuries by rejuvenating damaged cells.

Olive oil applied topically is highly beneficial for a multitude of symptoms including: sunburn, dermatitis, fungus infections, rashes and cuts. It is also beneficial for relieving eczema and psoriasis.

Orange Sweet Essential Oil

The orange tree is an evergreen tree which boasts dark green leaves and beautiful white flowers. The trees are grown in China and the United States. The oil or juice is extracted from the orange peel through the process of cold pressing.

Orange essential oil is widely used in aromatherapy as it is known to have an uplifting and cheering effect, making it an effective antidepressant. Oranges are diuretic and assist the urinary system. The essential oil is highly effective when used to fight colds and flu as it detoxifies the body and boosts lymphatic activity.

Topically applied orange essential oil is beneficial for toning loose tissue, reducing the appearance of cellulite and flaccid skin.

Papaya Extract

The papaya is packed with vitamins and enzymes that soothe the body both internally and topically. Advanced biochemical technology is used to distill the desirable papain enzyme form the papaya fruit to create a powdered extract that can be used in a wide variety of applications.

The topical use of papaya is beneficial for exfoliating dead skin cells and for reducing inflammation of the skin. Papaya is ideal for acne, viral skin conditions including warts and herpes, as well as burns and scarring. The enzyme papain smoothes the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles in the skin, promoting a more youthful appearance.

Pineapple Extract

Historians believe that the pineapple originated in Brazil. It was imported to Europe later. It is also believed that Christopher Columbus and his crew members were probably the first few people from the European continent to have tasted the fruit.

Pineapple is a very good source of vitamin C, offering your body excellent protection against free radicals. Pineapple contains enzymes that make skin elastic, improve skin hydration and remove damaged and dead cells. Thus, it helps us achieve a clear and glowing complexion. The enzymes in pineapples are also reputed to help reduce age spots and fine lines.

Topically applied pineapple is safe for all skin types, particularly benefiting congested and aging or mature skin types.

Rose Essential Oil/Hydrosol

Rose belongs to the 'Rosacea' family and its oil is known by several different names and comes in many varieties, including Bulgarian and Turkish rose, rose otto and attar of rose to name a few. It is grown all over the world, being hailed as one of the best skin care ingredients for centuries.

Historically rose has been associated with skin care, as well as being associated with various aromatherapy benefits including calming, fighting depression anger and fear and also is credited with being an aphrodisiac. Great care is taken when cultivating and extracting rose essential oil as the blooms and the oil are delicate and volatile.

Topically applied rose is credited with balancing hydration and moisture as well as creating the proper pH environment for the skin. It is helpful with eczema and dryness.

Rosehip Seed Oil

Rosehip Seed Oil is cold pressed/ extracted from the seeds of a rose bush which grows wild in the southern Andes. It is unique among vegetable oils in containing retinol (Vitamin A) and is also high in vitamin C. Rosehip seed oil is high in the essential fatty acids – linoleic and linolenic.

The topical use of rosehip seed oil is beneficial for mature and sun burnt skin as well as a variety of skin conditions including dermatitis, acne and eczema. It is useful for brittle nails and for smoothing the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. It is frequently cited to heal scarring and diminish photo-aging.

Rosemary Essential Oil

Rosemary, also known as 'Rosmarinus officinalis' is very popular in the Mediterranean region as a culinary herb. The rosemary bush belongs to the mint family which includes basil, lavender, myrtle and sage. This natural healer has been used throughout Europe for purification and as a natural stimulant.

Rosemary is stimulating to the digestion and circulation. Great for use with acne, it can have an analgesic effect, calming painful pustules and bumps. The smell of rosemary is stimulating and motivating.

Shea Butter

Shea butter is a slightly yellowish or ivory colored natural fat extracted from the seed of the African Karite or Shea tree by crushing and boiling. It is widely used in cosmetics as a moisturizer and salve. Shea butter is edible and may be used in food preparation.

Shea butter naturally contains cinnamic acid which acts as a mild UVB protector. It is estimated to have a naturally occurring spf of around 6. Shea has been used for centuries as a skin, hair and scalp lubricant. It used for protection from the sun, wind, cold and dry conditions as well as protecting and treating diaper rash.

Shea butter and oil are effective at relieving cracking skin, wounds, blemishes, acne, scarring, soothing stretch marks and peeling skin.

St John's Wort Macerated Oil

St John's Wort Macerated Oil is derived from the blossoms of the 'Hypericum' plant. This plant blooms near the longest day of the year, summer solstice. It is suggested that this association with light brings light to the spirit and the mind; warmth to the body and soul.

The medicinal value of St John's wort is well documented, commencing 2400 years ago, when it was used as a nerve tonic, a painkiller for arthritis, menstrual cramping and gastrointestinal problems. Today St. John's wort is used primarily as a treatment for a number of infirmities, most notably depression, chronic fatigue syndrome and pms.

St. John's wort's antibacterial and antiviral properties make it very useful for all manner of skin conditions and infections. It is also known to lower the skin temperature, making it beneficial for sun and wind burns.

Sweet Almond Oil

Sweet almond oil is obtained from the dried kernels of the almond tree and is an excellent emollient (softening and soothing to the skin) and also helps the skin to balance its loss and absorption of moisture. The botanical name is 'prunus amygdalus' and the blossoms are pale white, delicate and translucent.

Almond oil is widely used in aromatherapy as a carrier oil. It is easily absorbed by the skin and is calming to itching and inflammation. Almond oil is associated with care for sensitive skin, nourishing and supporting elasticity with linoleic and oleic essential fatty acids.

Tea Tree Oil/Hydrosol

Tea tree oil or melaleuca oil is a pale yellow color to nearly clear oil with a fresh camphoraceous odor. It is taken from the leaves of 'Melaleuca alternifolia', which is native to the northeast coast of New South Wales, Australia.

Tea Tree oil has beneficial medical properties when applied topically, including antiseptic, antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral action. It is beneficial when used for a myriad of skin conditions including acne, dandruff, eczema, athlete's foot and body odor, to name a few.

Vegetable Glycerin

Vegetable glycerin is a clear, odorless and colorless liquid with an incredibly sweet taste. It is used as an agent in cosmetics, toothpaste, shampoos, soaps, herbal remedies, pharmaceuticals and other household items. Because it is soluble in alcohol and also in water, its versatility is a major factor in its widespread use.

Vegetable glycerin is invaluable as a natural, plant source ingredient with emollient properties which can soften and soothe the skin, as it assists the outer epidermis in retaining moisture. It is a natural humectant, drawing moisture to the skin and keeping it there.

Vitamin A

This is the vitamin that has been called the "miracle vitamin" for years because of the positive impact it has on enhancing our immunity and growth. This vitamin is also loved for its association with anti-aging effects. It is the natural source of retinol which is credited with improving the appearance of aging skin, wrinkles and creping.

Vitamin B Complex

Vitamin B complex refers to all of the known essential water-soluble vitamins except for vitamin C. B vitamins are vital for clear, luminous skin. They are essential to the health of the hair, skin and eyes, as well as the health of our major organs. Studies show that 40% of dermatitis sufferers are lacking in B vitamins. The benefits of B vitamins include binding moisture to the skin, minimizing appearance of acne and pore size, breaking down excess sebum and enhancing exfoliation capability of the product.

Vitamin C

Vitamin C or L-ascorbic acid/L-ascorbate is an essential nutrient for humans. In living organisms ascorbate is an antioxidant, which protects the body from oxidative stress. Topically applied, Vitamin C is associated with stimulating collagen production and helping reduce the appearance of hyper pigmentation. The antioxidant properties help protect from the aging effects of free radicals.

Vitamin E (A-Tocopheryl)

A powerful antioxidant, natural Vitamin E protects cells from the damaging effects of free radicals. Vitamin E is derived from sunflowers. When used topically, Vitamin E can accelerate the healing of wounds and burns, reduce liver spots, reduce the appearance of acne and acne scarring.

White Tea Extract

White tea is made from the immature tea leaves from the 'Camellia sinensis' , which are picked shortly before the buds have fully opened. White tea is the least processed tea and has the highest antioxidant levels, 10x those found in green tea.

The benefits of white tea extract include many anti-aging properties. The presence of catechins, catechols, polyphenols and flavenols provide strong antioxidant benefits, protecting T-cell function in the intracellular glue, enhancing immune function in the skin.

Witch Hazel

Witch hazel is an astringent produced from the leaves and bark of the North American Witch Hazel shrub (Hammemelis virginiana). This plant was widely used for medicinal purposes by the Native Americans.

Witch hazel hydrosol is used in skin care. It has strong antioxidant and astringent qualities which makes it very useful in treating acne. It is often used as a natural remedy for psoriasis, eczema, cracking or blistered skin and treating insect bites. The natural presence of tannins in witch hazel creates a toning or drawing effect that is strengthening to the elasticity of the skin, reducing the appearance of pore size.